Carbohydrates (sugars, starches, cellulose)
- Made from joining H2O and CO2 by plants during photosynthesis (we will discuss this on February 12)
- Monomer: Simple sugars: CH2O (ratio of one carbon and one oxygen to every 2 hydrogens)
- Bread, cereal, potatoes, fruits, vegetables, and pasta = are made mostly of carbohydrates (sugars and starches).
- Three main functions: energy for cells, structural support, cell-cell communication
Lipids - Fats, oils, phospholipids, and steroids -All are hydrophobic (water-hating)! 3 main types:
1. Triacylglycerols (fats and oils)
- Structure: Made from 1 glycerol + 3 fatty acid tails = tri-acylglycerol
- Example: Fats: Butter, lard Oils: Corn oil, olive oil, margerine
- Note: Vary in length and location of double bonds in tail
