What are the stages of de-colorization?

The stages of de-colorization typically involve three key steps: adsorption, degradation, and mineralization. In the adsorption stage, colorants are initially captured by adsorbents, such as activated carbon. The degradation stage follows, where chemical or biological processes break down the colorants into smaller, less harmful compounds. Finally, in the mineralization stage, these compounds are further transformed into inorganic substances, ideally resulting in complete removal of color and toxicity.