How are kingdoms and phylogeny different?

Kingdoms are a taxonomic rank used in biological classification to group organisms based on shared characteristics, such as the five-kingdom system which includes Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, and Monera. Phylogeny, on the other hand, refers to the evolutionary history and relationships among species, often depicted in a phylogenetic tree that illustrates how different organisms are related through common ancestors. While kingdoms categorize organisms for easier study, phylogeny emphasizes the evolutionary connections and lineage among them.