In the ice pack and pack ice regions, primarily phytoplankton, microscopic algae, and ice algae thrive. These organisms can survive in the harsh conditions by utilizing sunlight that penetrates the ice and are crucial to the polar food web. Some macroalgae, like certain species of brown algae, can also be found in the less dense sea ice margins, contributing to the ecosystem. Overall, plant life in these areas is adapted to extreme cold and limited light availability.
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