How did opponents of the continental drift hypothesis account for the existence of similar life forms on separated landmasses?

Opponents of the continental drift hypothesis attributed the presence of similar life forms on separated landmasses to independent evolution and convergent evolution, where similar environmental conditions led to analogous adaptations in different species. They also proposed the possibility of land bridges or migration routes that allowed species to disperse across oceans before the continents drifted apart. Additionally, some suggested that ancient organisms could have been carried by ocean currents or through other means, leading to a distribution that appeared to support the idea of continental drift.