How were the condition on the first fleet?

The conditions on the First Fleet, which set sail from England to Australia in 1787, were challenging and often dire. The journey took approximately eight months, during which passengers faced overcrowding, limited food supplies, and unsanitary conditions aboard the ships. Many convicts and crew members suffered from diseases, malnutrition, and inadequate medical care. Despite these hardships, the fleet successfully reached botany Bay in January 1788, marking the beginning of European colonization in Australia.