What is the cause of low idle speed 94 Lexus ls400?

Low idle speed in a 1994 Lexus LS400 can be caused by several factors, including a dirty or malfunctioning idle air control valve (IACV), vacuum leaks in the intake system, or issues with the throttle body. Additionally, problems with the engine's sensors, such as the mass airflow sensor (MAF) or throttle position sensor (TPS), can also affect idle speed. Regular maintenance and diagnostics are essential to identify and resolve the underlying issue.