What legal procedures are used in criminal and civil cases?

In criminal cases, legal procedures typically include the arrest of the suspect, arraignment, pre-trial motions, trial, and sentencing if the defendant is found guilty. The prosecution must prove the defendant's guilt "beyond a reasonable doubt." In civil cases, procedures often involve the filing of a complaint, discovery process, pre-trial motions, and trial, with the burden of proof resting on the plaintiff to establish their case by a "preponderance of the evidence." Both types of cases may also involve appeals, mediation, or settlements.