What c plus plus programming statements to implement data abstraction?

Data abstraction is a design concept, whereby interfaces and implementations are kept separate. That is, it should not be necessary to know how an object works in order to use it. The interface provides all you need to know.

This reflects much of real life. When watching TV, you have a remote control which allows you to select a channel, but it is not necessary to know how the TV receives and processes radio signals, nor how it separates one channel from another. Those are implementation details that are only of concern to TV engineers.

In C++, there are no statements as such to implement data abstraction. You achieve it by designing a public interface which is accessible to normal users, and a private interface that is only accessible to the class designer.