What practice became known as the spoil system?

The spoil system, also known as patronage, refers to the practice of a political party rewarding its supporters with government jobs and positions after winning an election. This system was notably employed by President Andrew Jackson in the 1820s, who believed that government roles should be filled by loyal party members rather than career bureaucrats. While it aimed to democratize government by encouraging broader participation, it often led to corruption and inefficiency, as appointments were based more on loyalty than merit. The spoil system was eventually challenged and diminished with the introduction of civil service reforms, particularly after the Pendleton Act of 1883.