When matter transitions between solid liquid and gas?

Matter transitions between solid, liquid, and gas states through processes known as phase changes, which occur due to variations in temperature and pressure. For example, melting occurs when a solid absorbs heat and transitions into a liquid, while freezing is the reverse process. Evaporation happens when a liquid gains energy and transforms into a gas, whereas condensation is the process of gas cooling and becoming a liquid. Sublimation and deposition are additional phase changes where solids directly convert to gases and vice versa, respectively.