The term "rebellion" is generally used when referring to an uprising of citizens against an existing authority. For example, in 1860, many southern states engaged in a rebellion against the federal government of the United States (the entity holding political authority at the time). A "resistance" normally refers to citizens or combatants who rise up to oppose an occupying force. For example, in the 1980's, an Afghan resistance emerged to oppose the occupying forces of the Soviet Union. Therefore, rebellion's seek to challenge native authority, while a resistance stands in opposition to an invading force that has imposed authority.
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