Why is fighting infection difficult with acute lymphocytic leukemia?

Fighting infection is particularly challenging in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) due to the disease's impact on the bone marrow, where blood cells, including immune cells, are produced. The proliferation of leukemic cells disrupts normal hematopoiesis, leading to a deficiency in healthy white blood cells that are crucial for immune defense. Additionally, treatments for ALL, such as chemotherapy, can further weaken the immune system, making patients more susceptible to infections. As a result, these patients face a significant risk of severe infections that can complicate their treatment and recovery.