What is bilge keel radius and dead rise of ship for Panama canal?

The bilge keel radius refers to the curvature of a ship's hull at the bilge, which is the area where the bottom of the hull meets the sides. A moderate bilge keel radius helps enhance stability and reduce rolling. Dead rise is the angle between the horizontal plane and the bottom of the hull, affecting how the ship interacts with waves and its overall seaworthiness. For the Panama Canal, specific dimensions and profiles are critical to ensure safe passage through its locks and channels, often requiring vessels to adhere to defined limits for both bilge keel radius and dead rise.