How is land made infertile?

Land can become infertile due to several factors, including soil erosion, nutrient depletion, and contamination. Erosion removes the topsoil, which is rich in nutrients, while intensive farming practices can lead to the depletion of essential minerals. Additionally, pollution from chemicals and waste can contaminate the soil, further diminishing its fertility. Climate change and extreme weather events can also exacerbate these issues, making it more challenging for land to support plant growth.