The pericardium is a double walled sac that encloses the heart, and the proximal ends of the aorta, vena cava, and the pulmonary artery. The visceral layer is next to the heart, then a bit of fluid, and the parietal layer is outermost. In trauma, it can become filled with blood and impinge on the heart. Peri - means around, and - cardium means heart.
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