How does a baby survive in the womb and receive the necessary nutrients and oxygen for growth and development?

During pregnancy, a baby survives in the womb by receiving nutrients and oxygen through the placenta. The placenta is a temporary organ that develops in the uterus and connects the baby to the mother's blood supply. Through the placenta, the baby receives essential nutrients and oxygen from the mother's bloodstream, allowing for growth and development. This process ensures that the baby is able to survive and thrive until birth.