How are two independent clauses joined?

Two independent clauses can be joined using a coordinating conjunction (such as "and," "but," "or," "nor," "for," "so," or "yet") preceded by a comma. Alternatively, they can be connected with a semicolon if the clauses are closely related in theme. A third option is to use a conjunctive adverb (like "however," "therefore," or "moreover") followed by a semicolon and a comma.