The known uses of bioluminescence in nature are
- camoulflage: marine animals hiding from animals below them might need to appear lighter in order to hide (counterillumination)
- mimicry: several predatory fish illuminate parts of their body to appear like harmless or edible fish
- mating: fireflies are the most common example of using light to attract mates
- distraction: some types of squid eject bioluminescent material rather than ink to distract or repel their predators
- warning: firefly larvae and some millipedes glow as a warning
- communication: some bacteria are thought to communicate through light
- illumination: the Black Dragonfish glows red to let it see red-pigmented prey
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