Shift ciphers, a type of substitution cipher, include several variations: the Caesar cipher, which shifts letters by a fixed number (e.g., three positions), and the ROT13 cipher, which shifts letters by 13 positions. More complex types include the Vigenère cipher, which uses a keyWord to determine variable shifts for different letters. Additionally, the Affine cipher combines linear transformations, applying both a multiplication and a shift. Each type maintains the fundamental principle of shifting characters within the alphabet.
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