Around 5000 years ago, Jericho was inhabited by a community of Neolithic people who were among the first to transition from a nomadic lifestyle to settled farming. They engaged in agriculture, cultivating crops like wheat and barley, and domesticated animals. The site is known for its impressive stone walls and towers, indicating a complex society with social organization and possibly trade networks. Jericho's inhabitants are considered some of the earliest known urban dwellers in human history.
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