Europeans and Westerners reading Josiah Strong's writings might have felt a mix of affirmation and discomfort. Strong's ideas promoted a sense of American exceptionalism and a belief in the superiority of Western civilization, which could resonate with those who already held imperialistic views. However, his emphasis on the need to convert and "civilize" other cultures may have also sparked debates about morality, colonialism, and the ethics of intervention. Overall, reactions would likely vary depending on individual beliefs about race, religion, and Imperialism.
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