What is the characteristics and scientific name of horse?

The scientific name of the domestic horse is Equus caballus.

All horses and ponies of all colours and breeds (including draft horses, miniatures and Shetland ponies) are members of this species and therefore have the same scientific name.

The only exception to this is the 'true' wild horse, Przewalski's horse. This horse is genetically distinct from the domestic horse (it even has a different number of chromosomes) and is known as Equus przewalski.

All other 'wild' horses, such as brumbies, mustangs, Chincoteague ponies and the Sorraia, are feral populations of the domestic horse. They are Equus caballus.