How is energy transferred to natural gas?

Energy is transferred to natural gas through a process called thermal energy conversion, where heat is applied to convert raw materials, such as organic matter, into natural gas through anaerobic decomposition over millions of years. Additionally, in modern applications, natural gas can be produced by methods like hydraulic fracturing or gasification, where energy is used to extract or convert coal and other materials into methane. Once produced, natural gas can be transported via pipelines or liquefied for shipping, allowing it to be delivered to consumers for heating, electricity generation, and various industrial processes.