What forces of nationalism and sectionalism were in continual conflict during whose presidency?

During the presidency of James Buchanan (1857-1861), forces of nationalism and sectionalism were in continual conflict as the nation faced escalating tensions over slavery. Nationalism sought to unify the country and promote a sense of shared American identity, while sectionalism emphasized the interests and identities of specific regions, particularly the North and South. This conflict was evident in debates over the expansion of slavery into new territories, leading to significant strife and ultimately contributing to the outbreak of the Civil War. Buchanan's presidency was marked by his inability to effectively address these divisions, further deepening the rift between the sections.