NOUN Suffixes
-er added to a verb is used for the person who does an activity: writer, worker, singer,... (sometimes -or, as in actor, sailor, supervisor,...)
-er/-or are also used for things which do a particular job: tin-opener, projector, ...
-er and -ee can contrast with each other, meaning "person who does something" (-er) and "person who receives or experiences the action" (-ee): employer/employee, ...
-(t)ion is used to make nouns from verbs: communication, pollution, admission, ...
-ist (person) and -ism (activity or ideology): marxist/Marxism, terrorist/terrorism, ...
-ist is also used for people who play Musical Instruments: pianist, violinist, ...
-al is added to some verbs to make nouns: arrival, refusal, ...
-ness is used to make abstract nouns from adjectives: happiness, goodness, weakness, ...
-ment is used to make abstract nouns from verbs: excitement, enjoyment, ...
-hood is used to make abstract nouns, especially family terms, from nouns: childhood, brotherhood, ...
-ship is used to make abstract nouns, especially status, from nouns: friendship,
membership, partnership, ...
-(i)ty is used to make abstract nouns from adjectives: honesty, loyalty, ...
Adje
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