What type of committee generally called to investigate an issue for possible future legislation or to perform a special function that is beyond the authority of a standing committee is known as what?

Such a committee is typically called a "select committee" or "special committee." These committees are formed to address specific issues, conduct investigations, or carry out functions that are not within the purview of standing committees. They may be temporary and disband after their purpose is fulfilled, often leading to recommendations for future legislation.