How many 100 watt bulbs can a 110 volt circuit handle?

To answer this question, you need to know how many amps the circuit that is connected to the light bulb can handle. For home applications with a 15 amp circuit and no other loads connected you get:

Power = Current * voltage,

Substituting the known information yields:

power = 15 amps * 110 volts, which is 1650 watts of total capacity.

You have 100 watt bulbs, so: 1650/100 = 16.5 bulbs

If your circuit is other than 15 amps, or if there is additional loads on the circuit, you must adjust the current or total capacity accordingly