What are preservatives made of?

Preservatives are substances used to inhibit the growth of microorganisms and extend the shelf life of products. They can be derived from natural sources, such as salt, vinegar, and certain essential oils, or they can be synthetic compounds, like sodium benzoate or potassium sorbate. Depending on their function, preservatives may be formulated from various chemical structures, including acids, alcohols, and phenols. Overall, their composition varies widely based on the intended application and regulatory approvals.