What is a story poll in cement building construction?

First of all, it's concrete building construction. Cement is an ingredient in concrete.

A story pole is a piece of wood (usually a 2x2) or a square metal tube that is marked with a frequently used dimension for the rough elevation of decking forms. The forms will be set from the floor up using the story pole instead of using a tape measure. The forms will be fine graded later with either a builders level or a laser.