Advantages and disadvatages of single and multi pass compiler?

A single-pass compiler reads the source code once and generates the object code in a single pass. This results in faster compilation times and efficient memory usage. However, it may not be able to handle forward references, leading to potential errors. On the other hand, a multi-pass compiler makes multiple passes over the source code, allowing for more complex optimizations and better error handling. However, it requires more memory and may result in slower compilation times.