Moctezuma I, the second ruler of the Aztec Empire, did not encounter the Spanish directly as he reigned from 1440 to 1469, long before their arrival in the early 16th century. However, his successors, particularly Moctezuma II, feared the Spanish, perceiving them as representatives of ancient prophecies and potential gods due to their advanced technology and the arrival of Hernán Cortés. This fear was rooted in a mix of religious beliefs and the historical context of the Aztecs, who had experienced various invasions and sought to understand the strange newcomers through their own cultural lens.
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