What is the metabolism of photosynthesis?

The metabolism of photosynthesis involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy, primarily in plants, algae, and some bacteria. During this process, chlorophyll absorbs sunlight, which drives the synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide and water, releasing oxygen as a byproduct. This occurs in two main stages: the light-dependent reactions, which capture and convert solar energy into ATP and NADPH, and the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle), where ATP and NADPH are used to fix carbon into glucose. Overall, photosynthesis is essential for producing organic compounds that serve as energy sources for nearly all life forms on Earth.