How vandegraff generator works?

A Van de Graaff generator works by using a moving belt to transfer electric charge from a lower region to a metal sphere at the top. As the belt moves, it picks up electrons through friction, becoming negatively charged. The charge is then deposited onto the sphere, which accumulates a high voltage due to the large surface area. This process can generate voltages in the millions of volts, allowing the generator to create impressive electrical discharges.