How and why did values and attitudes in Spartan culture differ from the values and attitudes of Athenians?

Spartans valued discipline, military prowess, and physical fitness, emphasizing a collective duty to the state, while Athenians valued individuality, intellectual pursuits, and democratic governance, placing a premium on free expression and creativity. The Spartans prioritized war and military training, aiming to create a society of elite warriors, whereas Athenians stressed education, arts, and philosophy, seeking a balance of physical and intellectual development in their citizens.