What is normal consolidation in terzaghis theory?

Normal consolidation in Terzaghi's theory refers to the process of soil particles settling under applied loads, with the excess pore water being expelled from the voids within the soil mass. This consolidation occurs gradually over time due to the dissipation of excess pore water pressures, leading to a decrease in soil volume and an increase in effective stress. The rate of consolidation is influenced by factors such as soil properties, loading conditions, and permeability.