What were the affects on new nations such as Italy and Germany-Explain Nationalism?

Nationalism significantly influenced the formation of new nations like Italy and Germany in the 19th century, fostering a sense of unity and identity among people who shared common cultural, historical, and linguistic ties. This surge in national pride motivated movements for unification, leading to the consolidation of fragmented states into cohesive nations. In Italy, figures like Giuseppe Garibaldi and Count Cavour played pivotal roles in unifying various regions, while in Germany, Otto Von Bismarck's pragmatic policies culminated in the establishment of the German Empire in 1871. Ultimately, nationalism not only shaped the political landscape of these nations but also sparked a sense of belonging and purpose among their citizens.