What will make it easier for a cartel to operate effectively over time?

For a cartel to operate effectively over time, it benefits from a stable market environment with high barriers to entry that prevent new competitors from disrupting its control. Strong communication and coordination among members are crucial for maintaining agreed-upon prices and output levels. Additionally, the ability to enforce compliance within the cartel and manage potential defections is essential. Finally, avoiding detection and intervention by regulatory authorities can help sustain its operations.