Are hcg levels lower in patients with lupus?

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels can vary in patients with lupus, but there isn't a consistent finding that hCG levels are universally lower in these individuals. Factors such as the presence of autoantibodies, medications, and overall pregnancy health in lupus patients can influence hCG levels. It's essential to evaluate hCG levels in the context of individual patient circumstances, as lupus can affect reproductive health in various ways. Always consult with a healthcare professional for specific medical advice.