How does bile reflux cause gastritis?

Bile reflux occurs when bile, a digestive fluid produced by the liver, flows back into the stomach and sometimes the esophagus. This bile can irritate the stomach lining, leading to inflammation known as gastritis. The presence of bile disrupts the stomach's acidic environment, causing damage to the mucosal barrier and promoting irritation and inflammation. Prolonged exposure can result in chronic gastritis and related symptoms.