What scientific equipment do you need in order to calculate potential energy?

To calculate potential energy, you primarily need a mass measurement device (like a scale) to determine the mass of an object, and a height measurement tool (like a ruler or tape measure) to determine the height at which the object is located. With these measurements, you can use the formula for gravitational potential energy, PE = mgh, where m is the mass of the object, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height of the object.