When the solvent moves through a semi-permeable membrane and not the solute the process is called?

When the solvent moves through a semi-permeable membrane while the solute remains on one side, the process is called osmosis. This occurs when there is a concentration gradient, with the solvent moving from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration to achieve equilibrium. Osmosis is vital for many biological processes, such as nutrient absorption and cell hydration.