How did genetic engineering produce a corn plant that produces a bacterial protein that kills pests?

Genetic engineering produced a corn plant that produces a bacterial protein, specifically from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), by inserting a gene encoding the Bt toxin into the corn's DNA. This gene is integrated into the corn's genome using techniques such as Agrobacterium-mediated transformation or biolistic methods. Once expressed, the protein is produced in the corn plant, and when pests consume the corn, the protein binds to their gut cells, disrupting digestion and ultimately killing them. This biotechnological approach allows for effective pest control while reducing the need for chemical pesticides.