What disorder can result when chromatids fail to separate properly?

When chromatids fail to separate properly during cell division, it can lead to aneuploidy, a condition characterized by an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell. This can result in disorders such as Down syndrome, which is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21, or Turner syndrome, which involves the absence of one of the X chromosomes. Aneuploidy can disrupt normal development and function, leading to various health issues.