What is sociological model of voting?

The sociological factors that affect voting include social class, income, occupation, education, religion, ethnic background, primary groups, geography, sex, and age.

Social Class and Income: Very wealthy persons (persons in the top percentile of income) are slightly more likely to vote Republican. The middle class is more evenly divided.

Occupation: Business owners, and to a lesser extent managers and administrators, tend to vote for Republicans; professionals (such as doctors, lawyers, engineers, and educators), other white-collar workers, and skilled workers tend to vote for Democrats. Unskilled workers are evenly divided in voting habits.

Education: In recent years persons with four-year college or university degrees have tended to vote Democratic.

Ethnic background: African American and Hispanic voters other than Cuban-Americans tend to vote democratic.