How does indexed addressing differ from based addressing?

Indexed addressing uses an index register to modify the address of the operand, allowing for efficient access to arrays or tables by adding an offset to a base address. In contrast, based addressing uses a base register to provide a starting point for address calculation, typically for accessing data structures relative to a fixed memory location. Essentially, indexed addressing focuses on dynamic offsets for array elements, while based addressing relies on a static reference point. Both methods enhance memory access flexibility, but they serve different purposes in addressing schemes.