What is a seedless vascular plant?

Seedless vascular plants are a group of plants that possess vascular tissues—xylem and phloem—allowing them to transport water and nutrients efficiently, but they reproduce through spores instead of seeds. This group primarily includes ferns, horsetails, and clubmosses. They typically thrive in moist environments and play essential roles in their ecosystems, such as preventing soil erosion and providing habitats. Unlike seed plants, they do not produce flowers or seeds for reproduction.