What do geologists believe happened during the last ice age?

Geologists believe that during the last ice age, large continental ice sheets expanded and covered much of North America, Europe, and Asia. This period was marked by cycles of advance and retreat of these ice sheets, shaping the landscape through processes like erosion and deposition. The last ice age ended around 11,700 years ago as the Earth's climate began to warm, causing the ice sheets to melt and sea levels to rise.