Womens mental disorders in the nineteenth century were commonly believed to?

In the nineteenth century, women's mental disorders were commonly believed to be linked to "hysteria," a catch-all diagnosis used to describe a range of symptoms including anxiety, depression, and emotional distress. This concept often perpetuated harmful stereotypes about women's emotional stability and contributed to their social marginalization and stigmatization. Treatment at the time typically involved rest, isolation, and even physical restraints, rather than addressing the root causes of the emotional distress.