What are the differences between plain sawn, rift, and quartered cuts in woodworking?

Plain sawn, rift, and quartered cuts refer to different ways of cutting wood from a log. Plain sawn is the most common and economical method, resulting in a varied grain pattern. Rift cut produces a straight grain pattern, while quartered cut creates a straight grain with a distinctive fleck pattern. Each cut offers unique aesthetics and stability in woodworking projects.